A Look at Todays Whaling Essay -- Fishing Ocean Papers

A Look at Today's Whaling â€Å" The story of the whale is so remarkable, that were there not so many witnesses, I would not venture to tell it, lest I be accused of exaggeration.† -J.D.B Stillman, aboard the ship Plymouth, November 1850 (Stewart, 1995) There is no doubt that humans have always been intrigued with the majestic beauty of the large giants found in all of the world’s oceans. Whales and people have had a long history together, marked by many turns of events. Long ago, native tribes, from many places in the world, depended largely on whales for protein in their diets. They were also able to use much of the whale for oil, thus began a tradition of whaling. The first documented whaling expedition occurred in South Korea around 6000 BC (Bryant, 2000). Whaling began with smaller whales, since humans had only small boats and weapons, such as spears. However, as humans developed larger, more powerful weapons and built bigger boats, they also attained the ability to hunt larger whales. At this time, whaling became an industry, rather than a method of obtaining nutrition and oil when needed. As the whaling industry gained popularity the whale populations began to decline. Whalers moved from one species to another as their numbers decreased to a population size that was no longer economical to hunt. This strain on the whale populations was the heaviest with the creation of whole whaling fleets. It is apparent, that although whaling has important economic value, providing oil and meat, it also has a devastating affect on the whale populations that are targeted. Conservation and sustainability of whale populations has been ignored for a long period of time, leading to possible extinction for many species. Whaling ... ...eo retrieved November 20, 2004, from the following website: http://www.orcaconservancy.org/captivity Horvath, Beth. Gray whales. Lecture given on July 27, 2004 during a Marine Mammals class through AuSable Institute. International Whaling Commission (2004). Aboriginal subsistence whaling. Retrieved November 20, 2004, from the following website: http://www.iwcoffice.org/conservation/aboriginal.htm Marine mammal protection act of 1972. Retrieved October 3, 2004, from the following website: http://laws.fws.gov/lawsdigest/marmam.html Melville, Herman (1952). Moby-Dick. New York, NY: Hendricks House, Inc. Misaki, Shigeko (2000). Media wars on whales and whaling. Retrieved November 21, 2004, from the following website: http://luna.pos.to/whale/gen_mis_media.html Stewart, Frank (1995). The presence of whales. Seattle, WA: Alaska Northwest Books. A Look at Today's Whaling Essay -- Fishing Ocean Papers A Look at Today's Whaling â€Å" The story of the whale is so remarkable, that were there not so many witnesses, I would not venture to tell it, lest I be accused of exaggeration.† -J.D.B Stillman, aboard the ship Plymouth, November 1850 (Stewart, 1995) There is no doubt that humans have always been intrigued with the majestic beauty of the large giants found in all of the world’s oceans. Whales and people have had a long history together, marked by many turns of events. Long ago, native tribes, from many places in the world, depended largely on whales for protein in their diets. They were also able to use much of the whale for oil, thus began a tradition of whaling. The first documented whaling expedition occurred in South Korea around 6000 BC (Bryant, 2000). Whaling began with smaller whales, since humans had only small boats and weapons, such as spears. However, as humans developed larger, more powerful weapons and built bigger boats, they also attained the ability to hunt larger whales. At this time, whaling became an industry, rather than a method of obtaining nutrition and oil when needed. As the whaling industry gained popularity the whale populations began to decline. Whalers moved from one species to another as their numbers decreased to a population size that was no longer economical to hunt. This strain on the whale populations was the heaviest with the creation of whole whaling fleets. It is apparent, that although whaling has important economic value, providing oil and meat, it also has a devastating affect on the whale populations that are targeted. Conservation and sustainability of whale populations has been ignored for a long period of time, leading to possible extinction for many species. Whaling ... ...eo retrieved November 20, 2004, from the following website: http://www.orcaconservancy.org/captivity Horvath, Beth. Gray whales. Lecture given on July 27, 2004 during a Marine Mammals class through AuSable Institute. International Whaling Commission (2004). Aboriginal subsistence whaling. Retrieved November 20, 2004, from the following website: http://www.iwcoffice.org/conservation/aboriginal.htm Marine mammal protection act of 1972. Retrieved October 3, 2004, from the following website: http://laws.fws.gov/lawsdigest/marmam.html Melville, Herman (1952). Moby-Dick. New York, NY: Hendricks House, Inc. Misaki, Shigeko (2000). Media wars on whales and whaling. Retrieved November 21, 2004, from the following website: http://luna.pos.to/whale/gen_mis_media.html Stewart, Frank (1995). The presence of whales. Seattle, WA: Alaska Northwest Books.

International Economics of Thailand Essay

The country of Thailand is located in the southeast Asia region, south of China and immediately bordering Burma to the west, Laos to the East and Cambodia to the south. Around 65 million people inhabit Thailand with the capital and its largest city being Bangkok; the national currency is the baht. After a series of political and military turmoil thrashed the country in the mid 2000’s, December of 2007 earmarked the reinstatement of a democratic government as well as the inclusion of full democratic elections. The official language is Thai and has remained that since the country’s early beginnings. Buddhism encompasses most the Thailand’s population in terms of religion, nearly 95%, with all belonging to the Theravada denomination. On a global scale Thailand is quite a large country for how small it is geographically; it ranks 50th as far as total area, and is the 20th most populous in the world. Thailand is abundant in both land and labor factors of production. The land measures roughly 510,890 sq km and is full of natural resources such as tin, rubber, natural gas, timber, lead, fish, and many metals. The large amount of agricultural production lead to a GDP of $539.3 billion in 2009. The 2009 household consumption expenditure was 2.05% even though the real GDP growth rate was -2.2%2. The final factor of production for Thailand, labor, is another one of their most abundant resources. In 2009, the labor force was comprised of 38.43 million people. They were divided between 42.4% working in agriculture, 19.7% in industry, and 37.9% in services3. This is consistent with the large amount of arable land throughout the country. With much production occurring in the agricultural sector, is makes sense that Thailand exports agricultural commodities. The country also exports machinery and electronic components, and jewelry. The machinery and electronic parts are a major export because of the size of the labor force.  Jewelry exports are large due to the amount of natural metals and jewels found in the land. The exports drive the economy and account for more than half of GDP. In 2009, exports totaled $150.7 billion. The major importers are the United States at 10.94%, China at 10.58%, Japan with 10.32%, Hong Kong with 6.22%, and Australia importing 5.62%3. The global financial crisis of 2008-2009 severely hurt Thailand’s exports with most industries dropping a large percent. Imports were also affected the financial crises. in 2009, they totaled $118 billion. Most imports were in capital goods, intermediate goods, and raw materials. This is because of the lack of capital factors of production and the large labor force. Thailand imports from Japan (18.7%), China (12.73%), Malaysia (6.41%), United States (6.31%), and UAE (4.98%)3. [pic] It seems to be that the groups benefiting most from trade are the farmers and factory workers. The farmers have the largest labor force and therefore the highest amount of exports in the country. The factory workers are also benefiting from the import of cheap intermediate goods and raw materials from China and Malaysia. They then use the abundance of labor to produce machinery for export. In 2009, Thailand had a trade surplus of roughly $32.7 billion. Long before the liberalization of Thailand’s economy and its move to become an export-promoting economy in the mid 1980s, Thai governments have pursued Free Trade Agreements (FTA’s) and economic cooperation with fellow countries in the Eastern Hemisphere and of course, the USA. In 1967, Thailand help create the Association for South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN). ASEAN was founded to promote nation building, tackle communism and increase economic cooperation. This act has served as the foundation for establishing future FTA’s. Continuous dialog and a desire for economic growth led to the eventual signing of the ASEAN Free-Trade Agreement (AFTA). This paved the way for the elimination of tariffs for goods with 40% of its free on-board value having local input from ASEAN member countries (asean). Following the success of AFTA and its role in facilitating local  manufacturing industries, ASEAN countries sought to expand these FTA’s. This has led to signed FTA’s between ASEAN and China, India, Japan, South Korea, Australia and New Zealand. In addition, Thai and US authorities have been working on an inconclusive US-Thailand FTA since 2004. These agreements have grown Thailand’s export markets and such access to vast growing economies has allowed Thailand to quickly return to growth following the 2008 Global Recession. Unfortunately, with all the free-trade agreements, Thailand continues to have multiple barriers to entry for most foreign entrants and even some domestic ones. They are primarily in the service and transport sectors as well as sectors with significant local production. These include tariffs, quantitative barriers, customs barriers and taxation. Few of the most affected industries are finance, law, telecommunications, air and maritime transport, wood, textiles, transport equipment and professional services. In the finance industry, foreign investors are allowed a limited equity investment of up to 49% of the company. Any investment that amounts to greater than that is treated on a case-by-case basis by the government. In addition, foreign banks have limitations on their lending capabilities and the expansion of branches. Telecommunications also limits foreign investment and in addition to this, the government allocates frequency spectrum that have resulted in two telecommunications companies dominating the industry (Dee, 2004) (US Embassy, Bangkok, 2009). On the other hand, foreigners may own Law firms in Thailand, but only Thai-citizens may provide legal services. At-best, in certain cases, foreign citizens can serve in a limited capacity as a consultant. Such a nationality requirement extends to other professional services such as accountants and physicians as well where Thai-citizens have a higher priorit and only non-citizens that are a resident of Thailand and fluent in Thai are eligible. Industries such as wood and wood products (12.5% tariff), transport equipment (31% tariff) and textiles (25% tariff) continue to have import tariffs and licenses to encourage local production and ensure it is not  harmed. All of these tariffs are between 2 and 4 times the global average (Dee, 2004). Such tariffs are common practice all over the world to protect local businesses. In addition to these tariffs, Thailand’s barriers include several indirect methods that have a less tangible impact. Thailand’s complicated tax system is one such example. When one adds up the import tariff, excise duties and other sales tax on imported alcohol, the price is 400% higher. To complement these barriers, Thailand’s government adapted a â€Å"Buy Thai† policy, much to the resentment of foreign investors. In addition, the Customs department reserves the right to arbitrarily increase the import value of goods (US Embassy, Bangkok, 2009). Lastly, the lack of enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights and Patent laws cost US companies $400 million in 2007 (US Embassy, Bangkok, 2009). Pharma companies and Hollywood have had the most direct impact due to copyright infringements, delayed patents and its non-enforcement. Such haphazard barriers by the Thai government can dissuade potential investors. These barriers have a multi-purpose aim. Some tariffs are meant to be revenue generating tariffs, while others cost escalating. These cost-escalating tariffs stand to protect a local industry such as textile manufacturing, wood and timber logging. Barriers in the maritime and air transport have large capital requirements to enter it as well as a vested government interest in the form of state-owned airlines, airports and ports. Other barriers related to haphazard law enforcement and the â€Å"buy Thai† policy and seem less so economic barriers and more so politically motivated ones. A reversal in such barriers would allow air-passenger transport, maritime transport and communications to benefit the most and enable the finance, law and professional services industry to shore up its presence in Thailand while continuing to expand trade, commerce and therefore economic growth in the country. Simultaneously, the government aimed to stimulate domestic and foreign private investment over the coming decade by adapting Export Promotion (EP)  policies that decreased import tariffs, eliminated export tariffs and established the Board of Investment of Thailand (BOI). While initial investments were aimed at domestic-market production, this quickly moved to export-oriented production that was not limited by the size of the domestic market. This led to Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) ballooning from $40 million in 1970-1974 to $19 billion in 2006 (Kohpaiboon). Countries such as Japan, South Korea, Singapore and Taiwan had successfully adapted to export promotion policies while even more countries saw the negative effects of import substitution policies (South America). These polar effects point out the benefits of a trade-centered integrated economy. An exponential increase in FDI requires a stable banking system that is globally integrated. Unlike its Asian peers, almost half of Thailand’s 37 banks are foreign banks such as HSBC, Citibank and Standard Chartered. This has resulted in a strong banking system with assets worth 200% of GDP (Datamonitor, 2010). Other developing countries continue struggle with a government dominated banking system and low population penetration. Sustained growth in FDI has had spillover effects on Thailand’s human capital development and R&D projects to further aid economic growth. The BOI, since 2006 has been actively promoting R&D investments, bagging projects from companies such as Toyota, Honda and Siam Cement. In addition to this, the government has allocated $3 billion in the next 5-year plan for R&D projects with institutes such as Asian Institute of Technology taking lead (Datamonitor, 2010). Such spending has allowed domestic companies to adapt current technologies used world over while evolving new ones. This is a drastic change from the mid-1980s in Thailand when oxes and manual labor characterized agriculture and industry alike. In order for the results of R&D projects to be useful and then successful, an educated workforce is necessary. Starting in 1960, Thailand expanded its schooling system and made schooling mandatory for the first 7 years (Ministry of Education, 1998). A full generation later, the basic impact is visible. By 2006, Thailand boasted a 92% literacy rate, comparable in the region (Taiwan, Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan and Malaysia boast 90%+  literacy rates) and allocates 27% of its national budget to education (Malaysia allocated 20%) (UNDP, 2009). One current constraint is that 80% of the current workforce has had only primary education. However, the long-term impact of education should change this statistic over the coming decade and encourage further labor efficiencies. Unfortunately, a primary educated workforce is not Thailand’s main constraint to growth. In the years following a decade of high-paced growth, the Asian Financial Crisis, consequent political upheavals, natural disasters, corruption and such threatened to derail the Thai story of growth. In spite of all this growth, the high short-term external debt of its government nearly bankrupted Thailand, caused the stock exchange to lose 75% of its market value and devalued the then-pegged Baht by over 50%. The Thai economy came to a halt with layoffs across industries, depressed asset prices and a 12% cumulative drop in output for 1997-1998. This led to an inevitable $40 billion IMF-led rescue package for the most affected Asian economies (Hunter, Kaufman, & Krueger, 1999). The package allowed Thailand’s economy to stay solvent and resume growth only in 1999. The Asian Financial Crisis marked a start in Thailand’s sporadic political upheavals. This culminated in 2006 when Prime Minister Thaksin was removed from office in a bloodless coup while he attending the UN General Assembly in front of the world’s eyes. The 4 years since has seen scores of public demonstrations, 3 Prime Ministers and a riot culminating in the summer 2010 stand-off between the armed forces and pro-Thaksin demonstrators in central Bangkok. Meanwhile, neighboring countries such as Philippines, Vietnam and even Indonesia have moved toward political stability with their leaders transitioning their country into a period of economic growth (Marshall, 2010). These upheavals are a source of concern to international and domestic businesses and have a negative ripple effect through the economy. In fact, Thaksin is not the only corrupt politician to grace Thailand. Corruption plagues many institutions and bureaucracy’s there. Transparency international ranked Thailand 84th out of 178 countries on the Global  Corruption Index with China falling ahead in 78th position and India just behind in 87th place. Like most sizable developing countries, corruption is rampant in Thailand and other high-profile cases include the governor of Bangkok, Mr. Apirak. In 2009, the Thai government reported that the most number of corruption complaints within government agencies were filed against the Customs Department (Datamonitor, 2010). Taking cue from Singapore, Thailand must be more pro-active in reducing this rampant corruption in order to focus on economic and social development. Singapore along with New Zealand and Denmark topped the least for least corrupt countries (Zee News, 2010). Another growth constraint is natural disasters. In 2004, an earthquake followed by a tsunami caused widespread havoc and destruction. While Thailand’s direct impact was lower than Indonesia, with over 5,000 lives lost, 30,000 fishing boats and 120,000 tourism jobs lost, its effects cannot be ignored. Such continued disasters can hamper progress and instead undo years of economic development. Countries ranging from Indonesia to Seychelles were affected by this (United Nations, 2005). As the 1997 Financial Crisis demonstrated, Thailand is very integrated into the world’s economy. Therefore, with the arrival of the Great Recession in 2008, demand for its export-oriented production began to fall. Thailand’s dependence on exports put the country into a yearlong recession that it is now out of. In fact, Thailand is expected to grow at 4% this year. This quick recovery has been due to the deliberate public spending undertaken by the government. With the government undertaking a 5-year plan to boost infrastructure spending and reduce poverty, Thailand should see sustained growth over the coming years. As Thailand emerges from the Great Recession of 2008, there are several helpful pointers Thailand has taken from its experiences since the Asian Financial Crisis. The Thai government has learned of the benefits of a balanced budget, they successfully reduced government debt between 2002 and 2008, repaid IMF loans (2 years early) and regained growth. While corruption continues to exist, Thailand has an increasingly tougher National Counter  Corruption Commission and current Prime Minister Abhisit has proposed a Reconciliation Plan to create a more transparent, clean government. The tsunami has resulted in the implementation of an emergency alert system thereby preventing future calamities, social and economic losses. With a majority of new growth coming from Asia, Thailand is optimally situated as an export economy in the region. Strong historical ties to the US will ensure economic cooperation as the US economic recovery progresses. Continued spending on education will result in an efficient, productive labor-force allowing Thailand to grow from just an international finance center to an advanced technology driven, export oriented economy in the years to come. Economic policy outlook The government is pushing ahead with a major fiscal stimulus program worth Bt1.4trn (US$43bn), which is to run until 2012. However, the fiscal position is weak, and the government could struggle to finance the program in full without risking future financial stability. This second-stage stimulus program, known as Thai Khem Khaeng (Strong Thailand), centers on infrastructure projects as well as investment in agriculture, education and health. Owing to the fact that the government has only limited fiscal freedom (constitutional restrictions cap the budget deficit in any year at 20% of total expenditure), the majority of the programs spending is off-budget and is financed through increased borrowing. The government actually plans to reduce budgetary spending in fiscal year 2009/10 (October-September) in an attempt to contain the fiscal deficit, which ballooned in 2008/09 owing to a first-stage stimulus program that included cash grants and subsidies. The government is proposing another expansionary budget in 2010/11. As the economy begins to recover in 2010, the Bank of Thailand (BOT, the central bank) will begin to raise interest rates to contain inflation. As for the fiscal policy, the government will run a substantial budget deficit in 2010-11, but it should be narrower than in 2009, when it reached the equivalent of 4.4% of GDP. After reducing planned expenditure in 2009/10  by Bt200bn (US$5.8bn), the government proposes to increase it by about Bt400bn in 2010/11. It is also stimulating the economy with the Thai Khem Khaeng program of off-budget expenditure. Whether or not the program succeeds in stimulating growth, hinges mostly on its implementation. There is a risk that some funds will be lost to corruption or will be wasted, as was highlighted by a recent admission by the Comptrollergenerals Department that funding for projects previously rejected by the Budget Bureau had been approved owing to the government!s determination to proceed with economic stimulus. Assuming that the government receives full parliamentary approval to borrow another Bt400bn in the next three years, public debt could rise sharply relative to GDP in 2010-11. However, the finance minister, Korn Chatikavanij, recently said that as revenue growth so far in 2009/10 had exceeded expectations, the government might not need to borrow as much as it had originally planned. The BOT will begin to tighten monetary policy in second half of 2010 as the economy starts to recover and core inflation (which excludes raw foods and energy) accelerates. However, the central bank will not raise interest rates sharply, as there are still major risks to the recovery, and core inflation, which stood at 0.5% in January-February, remains at the low end of the official target range of 0.5-3%. The BOT has also expressed concern that prematurely raising the one-day repurchase rate†which stands at 1.25%, having been lowered by 250 basis points between December 2008 and April 2009†³could lead to inflows of foreign capital, pushing up asset prices to unsustainable levels and causing the baht to strengthen further. Works Cited CIA. (2010). Thailand. Retrieved November 20, 2010, from CIA – The World Factbook: www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/th.html Datamonitor. (2010). Thailand, In-depth PESTLE Insights. Datamonitor. Falvey, L. (2001). Thai Agriculture: Golden Cradle of Millennia. White Lotus Co Ltd. Hunter, W., Kaufman, G., & Krueger, T. (1999). The Asian Financial Crisis: Origins, Implications and Solutions. Ministry of Education. (1998). History of Thai Education. Retrieved November 2010, from Ministry of Education, Thailand: www.moe.go.th/main2/article/e-hist.htm UNDP. (2009). United Nations Development Programme. United Nations. United Nations. (2005). Impact on Thailand. United Nations. Zee News. (2010, October 26). India Slips Three Places in Global Corruption Rankings. Retrieved November 2010, from Zee News: www.zeenews.com/news663930.html Citation â€Å"Thailand.† Country Report. Thailand (2010): 1-27. Business Source Premier. EBSCO. Web. 13 Dec. 2010 ASEAN. (n.d.). Overview – asean. Retrieved from association of southeast asian nations: http://www.aseansec.org/64.htm Dee, P. (2004). A Systematic Evaluation of Services Trade Barriers: The Case of Thailand. Washington DC: Australian National University. â€Å"Thailand†. World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agnecy. Accessed November 23, 2010. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/th.html â€Å"Thailand Natural Resources†. Index Mundi. Updated 2010. Accessed November 23, 2010. http://www.indexmundi.com/thailand/natural_resources.html

What Is Expository Writing

Expository writing is used to convey factual information (as opposed to creative writing, such as fiction). It is the language of learning and understanding the world around us. If youve ever read an encyclopedia  entry, a how-to article on a website, or a chapter in a textbook, then youve encountered examples of  expository writing. Key Takeaways: Expository Writing Just the facts, Mam: Expository writing is informational, not creative writing.Anytime you write to describe or explain, you use expository writing.Use a logical flow when planning an expository essay, report, or article: introduction, body text, and conclusion.Its often easier to write the body of your article first, before composing the introduction or conclusion. Expository writing is everywhere in everyday life, not just academic settings, as its present anytime theres information to be conveyed. It can take form in an academic paper, an article for a newspaper, a report for a business, or even book-length nonfiction. It explains, informs, and describes. Types of Expository Writing In  composition studies, expository writing (also called exposition) is one of the four traditional  modes of discourse. It may include elements of  narration,  description, and  argumentation. Unlike creative or  persuasive writing, which can appeal to emotions and use anecdotes, expository  writings primary  purpose  is to deliver information about an issue, subject, method, or idea using facts. Exposition may take one of several forms: Descriptive/definition:  In this style of writing, topics are defined by characteristics, traits, and examples. An encyclopedia entry is a kind of descriptive essay.  Process/sequential:  This essay outlines a series of steps needed in order to complete a task or produce something. A recipe at the end of an article in a food magazine is one example.Comparative/contrast:  This kind of exposition is used to demonstrate how two or more subjects are the same and different. An article that explains the difference between owning and renting a home and the benefits and drawbacks of each is one such an example.Cause/effect:  This kind of essay describes how one step leads to a result. An example is a personal blog chronicling a workout regimen and documenting the results over time.Problem/solution: This type of essay presents a problem and possible solutions, backed by data and facts, not just opinion.Classification: A classification essay breaks down a broad topic into categories or groupings. Tips for Expository Writing As you write, keep in mind some of these tips for creating an effective expository essay: Start where you know the information best. You dont have to write your introduction first. In fact, it might be easier to wait until the end for that. If you dont like the look of a blank page, move over the slugs from your outline for the main body paragraphs and write the topic sentences for each. Then start putting in your information according to each paragraphs topic. Be clear and concise.  Readers have a limited attention span. Make your case succinctly in language that the average reader can understand.   Stick to the facts.  Although an exposition can be persuasive, it should not be based on opinion only. Support your case with facts, data, and reputable sources that can be documented and verified. Consider voice and tone.  How you address the reader depends on the kind of essay youre writing. An essay written in the first person is fine for a personal travel essay but is inappropriate if youre a business reporter describing a patent lawsuit. Think about your audience before you begin writing. Planning Your Essay Brainstorm: Jot down ideas on a blank piece of paper. Connect them with arrows and lines, or just make lists. Rigor doesnt matter at this stage. Bad ideas dont matter at this stage. Just write down ideas, and the engine in your head will lead you to a good one.When youve got that idea, then repeat the brainstorming exercise with ideas that you want to pursue on that topic and information you could put in. From this list, youll start to see a path emerge for your research or narrative to follow.Compose your thesis: When your ideas coalesce into a sentence in which you can summarize the topic youre writing about, youre ready to compose your thesis sentence. Write down in one sentence the main idea that youll explore in your paper.Examine your thesis: Is it clear? Does it contain opinion? If so, revise that out. For this type of essay, you stick to the facts and evidence. This isnt an editorial. Is the thesis scope manageable? You dont want your topic too narrow or too broad to be cover ed in the amount of space you have for your paper. If its not a manageable topic, refine it. Dont be dismayed if you have to come back and tweak it if your research finds that your initial idea was off-kilter. Its all just part of the process of focusing the material.Outline: It may seem inconsequential, but making even a quick outline can save you time by organizing your areas of pursuit and narrowing them down. When you see your topics in an organized list, you may be able to discard off-topic threads before you research them—or as youre researching them and you find they just dont work.Research: Find your data and sources to back up the areas you want to pursue to support your thesis statement. Look for sources written by experts, including organizations, and watch for bias. Possible sources include statistics, definitions, charts and graphs, and expert quotes and anecdotes. Compile descriptive details and comparisons to make your topic clear to your reader, when applicabl e. What Is an Expository Essay? An expository essay has three basic parts: the introduction, the body, and the conclusion. Each is crucial to writing a clear article or effective argument. The introduction: The first paragraph is where youll lay the foundation for your essay and give the reader an overview of your thesis. Use your opening sentence to get the readers attention, and then follow up with a few sentences that give your reader some context for the information youre about to cover. The body:  At a minimum, include three to five paragraphs in the body of your expository essay. The body could be considerably longer, depending on your topic and audience. Each paragraph begins with a topic sentence where you state your case or objective. Each topic sentence supports your overall thesis statement. Then, each paragraph includes several sentences that expand on the information and/or support the topic sentence. Finally, a concluding sentence offers a transition to the following paragraph in the essay. The conclusion:  The final section of your expository essay should give the reader a concise overview of your thesis. The intent is not merely to summarize  your argument but to use it as a means of proposing further action, offering a solution, or posing new questions to explore.  Dont cover new material related to your thesis, though. This is where you wrap it all up. Expository Examples An expository article or report about a lake, for example, could discuss its ecosystem: the plants and animals that depend on it along with its climate. It could describe physical details about its size, depth, amount of rainfall each year, and the number of tourists it receives annually. Information on when it was formed, its best fishing spots, or its water quality could be included, depending on the audience for the piece. An expository piece could be in third person or second person. Second-person examples could include, for example, how to test lake water for pollutants or how to kill invasive species. Expository writing is useful and informative. In contrast, someone writing a creative nonfiction article about a lake might relate the place to a defining moment in his or her life, penning the piece in first person. It could be filled with emotion, opinion, sensory details, and even include dialogue and flashbacks. Its a much more evocative, personal type of writing than an expository piece, even though theyre both nonfiction styles.

Terrorism Is Morally Unjustifiable By Stephen Nathanson

As paradoxical as it may seem (to most), it proves difficult to condemn terrorism and have a consistent, non-hypocritical way to judge it. Most definitions of terrorism lack the applicability of all instances of terrorism, there seems to be borderline exceptions which fall within the gray area of such definitions. Stephen Nathanson, in an effort to establish what makes terrorism wrong, bases one of his main arguments on that terrorists are thought to be dreadful because they intentionally seek innocent deaths, while others who kill innocents do so unintentionally (15). In this essay, I shall argue that Nathanson’s definition of innocence, which is mostly used as the core gauge of why terrorism is morally unjustifiable, is badly restricting in that it excludes the cases of political assassinations. Consequently, this insinuates that when using his definition of innocence, attacks on political figureheads may be morally justifiable if it is done for a just cause. To support thi s thesis I will argue that, although, political assassinations do not involve the killing of innocents they are, in most cases, morally unjustifiable contrary to what Nathanson’s argument insinuates. Moreover, I will consider how Nathanson may reply to my contention by objecting that political figureheads cannot be innocent given their political position and will address his rebuttal by demonstrating that within the context of society most of us are not innocent. Nathanson argues that terrorism cannot

Strategies for Improving Student’s Content Area Reading to...

Before a student can even begin to understand how to read expository content within a text book, they must first begin to read meaningfully and they reasons behind why they read. Reading is not just for entertainment, it is also used to acquire information. Reading any form of text opens its audience, the reader, to the world without them having to buy a plane ticket or putting them in dangerous situations to gain firsthand experience (content within storybooks or novels). Reading opens one’s â€Å"cognitive eye†. Once a tolerance for reading is achieved, students can gather information from every text that they read, whether fact or fiction. Reading in content area is basically about â€Å"students interacting with text before, during, and after†¦show more content†¦For example, this strategy could b used to teach a history or literature class, where students are put into groups, assigned a character or historical figure, and using text and other resources, research the person they are demonstrating and make direct quotes from what they have done or said. They present it to their fellow classmates; there each student takes an active role in gathering information to be displayed. †¢ Introducing conflicting thought: Teacher presents students with a scenario that goes contrary to what they have previously learnt, ask them to research the following to discredit either what was learnt or what was now presented to them. For example, this strategy could be used in Science, where the teacher states the sky is not blue, or that colours that we see are not their actual colours, this could be done while teaching the topic of light. Introducing such scenarios causes disequilibrium and students seek the need (through research) to discredit it. †¢ Project based assessment: here students are given topics to review and present. The teacher provides a hotlist (a list of resource books) where they are to gather information and organize it to present orally or otherwise. This strategy could be used in teaching Studies-Studies under any scheme of work, for instance, in teaching about theShow MoreRelatedA Digital World Of Information And Communication1625 Words   |  7 Pagesdigital world of information and communication, it is imperative for us to begin thinking about reading and literacy in a new way. Our students must be proficient in what scholars describe as â€Å"new literacies.† This relatively new perspective in literacy instruction acknowledges and investigates the literacy practices that are borne out of digital technology (Houtman, 2013). In today’s world, being a proficient learner requires more than the traditional literacy skills of reading and writing. StudentsRead MoreLiteracy Is The Foundatio n Of Every Student s Learning Essay1956 Words   |  8 PagesImportance of Literacy Literacy is the foundation of every student’s learning, and learning to read English is a particularly challenging task. The OECD Programme for International Assessment of Adult Competencies defines literacy as: the ability to identify, understand, interpret, create, communicate and compute, using printed and written materials associated with varying contexts. Literacy involves a continuum of learning in enabling individuals to achieve their goalsRead More English As A Second Language Education Essay3495 Words   |  14 Pagesdevelop their understanding of mathematics. Students then effectively use mathematical tools, charts, patterns and other strategies, as well as their prior learning experiences to make connections to solve related problems. The majority are able to transfer their manipulative exploration to solving problems with pencil and paper. Students use multiple solutions and strategies when they solve problems. They express their mathematical thinking through drawing, writing, and speaking. Students socializeRead MoreIntegrated Planning Matrix4838 Words   |  19 PagesLearning Area/s Broad objective/s Lesson Objective/s Key learning opportunities Evaluation/assessment Resources (Use if you wish) Literacy, Critical and creative thinking, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander histories and cultures, Asia and Australia ´s engagement with Asia. English/Literacy/Interpreting, analysing, evaluating Read an increasing range of different types of texts by combining contextual, semantic, grammatical and phonic knowledge, using text processing strategies, for exampleRead MoreEffective Study Skills and Academic Performance3850 Words   |  16 PagesIntroduction Effective study skills are necessary for a college student to excel academically. The student must develop these skills in order to retain information learned in the present for their future benefit. Study skills can be a combination of several techniques, including time management, note-taking, self-testing, and test-wiseness, to name a few. There is no one best way to study, therefore, techniques can be tailored to the needs of the student to achieve the most optimal result. HoweverRead MoreA Study On Reading Comprehension2670 Words   |  11 PagesReading with Briana: A Case Study in Reading Comprehension There is a great concern over the increase of struggling readers. Studies show â€Å"that when students get off to a poor start in reading, they rarely catch up† (Kelly and Campbell, 2012, para. 1). These students are confronted with the negative ramifications of failing grades, remedial services, grade retention, and low self-esteem. The question of how to best help struggling readers is on the minds of teachers and parents alike. ReadingRead More Differentiated Instruction is Necessary to Meet the Needs of All Learners2784 Words   |  12 Pagesstudent as possible. Understanding students helps guide teachers’ decisions to match appropriate materials and strategies to each learner’s needs. The strategies and activities are student-centered, based on readiness, planned with flexible grouping designs, and changed as needed to meet the needs of all learners. These personalized experiences give students access to all of the information and skills they can assimilate in their learning journeys (Chapman King, 2005). This approach meets the academicRead MoreReading Strategies3482 Words   |  14 Pages Research Paper: READING STRATEGIES FOR ACADEMIC STUDENTS Teacher: Le Thi Tuyet Mai, M.A. Student: Chu Thi Thai Hien Class: CHAV k.17 Student’s Code: 161015 Cantho - December, 2010 TABLE OF CONTENT CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 2 CHAPTER II: LITERATURE 4 II. 1. Definition of Strategies 4 II. 2. Distinction between Strategies and Skills 4 II. 3. Difference Strategic Readers from Poor Readers 4 II. 4. Some Methods for Teaching Reading Strategies 6 II. 4. 1.Read MoreTeaching Struggling Adolescent Readers4531 Words   |  19 Pagesand strategies have different roles in the literacy classroom. Research reviewed suggests that teachers use direct and explicit instruction when teaching intervention programs and strategies to struggling adolescent readers. Direct and explicit instruction helps enhance a struggling adolescents reading ability and, therefore, helps them to succeed in the literacy classroom.  Struggling adolescent readers also need to be actively engaged and motivated in daily literacy activities. Strategies thatRead MoreHow Can Modern Technology Be Used to Aid Learning in Schools2354 Words   |  10 Pageshold of reference materials students had to search for books for a long time or had to get a membership in a library which may or may not be near their homes. However internet has made information gathering an extremely easy task. Students can now easily access and know the various developments taking place at their area of interest at the simple click of a button. Getting reference materials is not meant for only a few students. Now everyone can search and find reference materials in cyberspace and

Henry Davis ThorueaCompare Essay Research Paper Henry free essay sample

Henry Davis Thoruea/Compare Essay, Research Paper Henry David Thoreau was an American author who is remembered for his onslaughts on the societal establishments he considered immoral and for his religion in the spiritual significance of nature. The essay Civil Disobedience is his most celebrated societal protest. Thoreau believed that each individual must be free to move harmonizing to his ain thought of right and incorrect, without authorities intervention. Sharing some of the same political beliefs as Thoreau, Martin Luther King Jr. was besides an American civil rights leader who worked to convey approximately societal, political, and economic equality for Africans by peaceable agencies. In 1963, he led a March in Birmingham, Alabama, to protest citywide racial favoritism. In the writers essays, Thoreau s Civil Disobedience and King s Letter from Birmingham City Jail both portion similar feelings but besides differ in some. Both believe society demands to abandon the machine of authorities. Thoreau, every bit good as King, have similar ideas based on the thought that the lone duty an person has is to his scruples. Another similarity they portion would be minority and the bulk and the unfair ways the minority faces. A difference between the two writers would be the manner they view anarchy. Thoreau believes society, when ready, should predominate upon themselves without a authorities while King believes there should be some kind of governmental counsel. Throughout the two pieces the similarities they portion on thoughts and beliefs can easy be noted every bit good as the differences. Both believed that persons should make what they believe is right in conformity to their scruples. In Thoreau s words he believes # 8230 ; the lone duty which I [ Thoreau ] have a right to presume is to make at any clip what I think is right. Thoreau uses the word duty to asseverate his right to the unity of his ain head. He believes that an person should decline to obey any authorities regulation he believes is unfair. Thoreau himself practiced this philosophy of inactive opposition when, in 1846, he refused to pay toll revenue enhancements. This is similar to King s thoughts, I submit that an person who breaks a jurisprudence that scruples tells him is unfair, and volitionally accepts the punishment by remaining in gaol to elicit the scruples of the community over its unfairness, is in world showing the really highest regard for jurisprudence. King believes that if you go against your scrupless so you are being unfair to yourself. He feels that if you go against your beliefs, so t here is something drawing you to travel against Torahs that are unfair and follow your scruples which it is so good every bit long as you truly believe the jurisprudence is unfair. Peoples shouldn t follow society and what Torahs they inflict upon them, but yet should make what they believe is right. They both agree that if person breaks a governed jurisprudence for the interest of their ain beliefs and accept the effects so they are respectable. This similarity both King and Thoreau portion had an impact on the intent of their authorship to show the importance of following one s scruples to make what is right. Another comparing of the two would be minority vs. bulk. Both Thoreau and King feel that the minority makes up the bulk of the population, nevertheless, they have no say in any governmental determinations. The authorities has all the power and attempts to maintain the minority out of any powerful issues. Thoreau believes that # 8230 ; when the power is one time in the custodies of the people, a bulk are permitted, and for a long period continue, to govern is non because they are most likely to be in the right, nor because this seems fairest to the minority but because they are physically strongest. The largest group, which consists of weak ideas, are the strongest because they have the most power to obstruct any strong thoughts of the minority. King provinces that An unfair jurisprudence is a codification inflicted upon a minority which that minority had no portion in ordaining or making because they did non hold the unhindered right # 8230 ; Minority, although they make up the bulk, have no input and hence have no voice. Unjust Torahs forbid the minorities from turning. Therefore, both writers use minority vs/ bulk as an illustration in showing their feelings to demo how unfair Torahs are prohibiting growing of power among minorities. Thoreau and King, although, did oppose one another s thoughts on the topic of lawlessness. Thoreau believes that the best authorities would be no authorities at all. # 8230 ; authorities is best which governs non at all. He believes that if world was ready for it, society shouldn T be governed. Peoples should be able to turn and spread out as an person before taking portion in any authorities, # 8230 ; we should be work forces foremost, and subjects subsequently. King, in contrast, believes that there should be some type of authorities and limitations every bit long as they are merely. In no sense do I recommend hedging or withstanding the jurisprudence # 8230 ; King respects the jurisprudence to a morally right stance. Equally long as at that place in justness to a limitation, King respects and condemns Torahs. Thoreau summed up his thought of the function of authorities in Civil Disobedience. He wrote, there will neer truly be a free and enlightened State until the State comes to acknowledge the person as a higher and independent power, from which its ain power and authorization are derived, and treats him consequently. The essay greatly influenced such reformists as Leo Tolstoy of Russia, Mahatma Gandhi of India, and the leaders of the contemporary American civil rights motions. Both Thoreau and King had an influence over society in the yesteryear and continue to make so. They both believed that an person is better than a society and the lone manner one can spread out is if they break the machine of authorities. The hazard these leaders brought upon themselves is one they risked for world. It is of import that these persons did what they believed should be done, otherwise society would be a mass of weak ideas that would keep down the growing of adult male as an person.

Analytic Hierarchy Process in Operations Management

Question: Discuss about the Analytic Hierarchy Process in Operations Management. Answer: Introduction The project deals with the issue statement where the content is included about the target market, poor management, and lack of supervision by the managers and the supervisors, the focus is given on the profits of the company and the sales of the Custom Gear Inc. The problem the Custom Gear is experiencing is being stated in the project, which includes lack of the order size, lack of the future growth, inventory and the production management and many others. The actions that have been taken by Mr. Rhodes are narrated in the project. Issue statement Inappropriate production process, inappropriate target market, poor management, poor control system, suppliers are not efficiently delivering raw materials and the profit earned by the Custom Gear is not adequate. Eastern Gear is experiencing many problems that include: Lack of the policy of the order size: Eastern gear has accepted a huge lot of the order size which is been seen in the exhibit 2 of the case study. It can be seen that in the order size 1 the total number of orders are taken are 80. In size 2, the number of orders is 53. In size 3 the number of orders are 69 and so on. On the other hand, President of the Eastern Gear has also taken decision to accept the huge orders from the customers. Lack of planning for growth: It appears that the company does not have any plan to expand their business in the future. This may be the reason and the company can face problems with respect to the cash flows, problems of capacity and other problems that are associated with the growth of the company. Inventory and production control: The expediting seems to be the rule rather than the exception. Twenty percent of the total orders have the rush tags on it. The processing time of the production has increased from two to four weeks, and there does not seem the production and inventory system are not in place. There are certain orders are being handled on the rush basis and that may be disruptive with the smooth flow of the production. Objectives that are followed in the operations: It is not clear that the operations should be focusing on the cost of the product, delivery and quality of the product and the flexibility. The focus should be laid down on the objectives of the operations. The order entry system is been flawed: The time is lost between the design that is desired by the customer is flawed because the order is taken by the James and therefore, is reviewed by the engineer. The problems that are faced by Mr. Rhodes are been divided into four parts: 1. Production process, 2. Target market, 3. Management, 4. Suppliers. In case these problems are resolved, the impact of these will be seen in the goodwill of the company. Production process: The sluggish production process of the Custom gear has caused problems related to the delays in the production, late deliveries and the poor quality of the product. The main problem of the production process of the custom gears is the standard job shop layout. Every workflow has the set of the processes. Depending on the operations, the materials flow from one work centre to another. The cycle below shows the path that the typical order will follow is: Taking into consideration the floor layout of the Custom gear, it can be taken into account that the work centres are not arranged into the correct order of the workflow. They can be said to be unstructured. To get rid of this problem the layout of the shop should be arranged in the following manner: Target market: The main target of the Custom Gears is the engineering research and the development laboratories or the manufacturers. These result in the number of the small number of the gears. Custom gear is losing the market share as it is targeting small manufacturers who order very small amount of the gears from the company. This results in the low sales and revenue for the company. In order to increase the sales as well as the profits of the Custom Gear should try and target the large companies that are in need of the more of the custom gears. Doing this Custom Gear does not have to find more of the customers because the profits gained from one company would be huge. The management issues that the Custom Gear is facing are the past due raw materials in the shop. The manager and the supervisor must take note of the inventory that is lying on the shop. The materials that have expired are mostly because of the errors that have been caused by the supervisor or the manager. In order to get rid of this problem the supervisor should take extra care while placing the orders with the suppliers and avoid wastage of the resources. The company has also recorded many lost orders. Therefore, in order to get rid of the problem the management should ensure that all the orders are properly documented this ensures that the files should not be missing and there exists no complaints from the customers side about the lost orders. The operation strategy is related to the product, process, method, quality, cost and scheduling. Moreover, like any other organization the Custom gear has the definite relation with the operations strategy: Design of the product The design of the product should have a match between the operations management, finance department and the supply chain management and should look at the customers need. The methods and the processes The methods take into account the process of transforming raw material into the finished products. The process considers the conversion of inputs into outputs. Therefore, these two process in closely linked to the process design. The process selection and the facility layout takes into account the implications of the supply chain management. Cost A cost is the variable factor that affects the pricing and the profits of the organization. Organizations that have high degree of productivity in comparison with their competitors have a comparative cost advantage. Scheduling Custom Gear must plan the schedule orders deliberately. The rush orders and the large orders should be made carefully. Operating resources Operating resources are necessary for the personnel and material which is generally necessary to carry out the project. The examples of the operating resources are materials, machines, labor, tools, fixtures and many others. Custom Gear must complete the process of the operating resources. Recommendation The above-mentioned analysis that is been done on the Custom Gear Inc. the lack of proper and efficient operational controls will bring adverse changes in the organization. The sluggish production process, selection of suppliers and objectives of the sales target, the poor layout of the job shop also slowed down the production process and created confusion. The Custom Gear should target the large-scale manufacturing companies where they can get huge orders and earn the maximum revenues out of it. The production process should be changed the quality of the products should be given maximum attention. The resources that are getting wasted should be given utmost importance by the supervisor and the managers. Bibliography Armstrong, G., Kotler, P., Harker, M., Brennan, R. (2012).Marketing: an introduction. Pearson Prentice-Hall, London. Becker, J., Kugeler, M., Rosemann, M. (Eds.). (2013).Process management: a guide for the design of business processes. Springer Science Business Media. Chang, J. F. (2016).Business process management systems: strategy and implementation. CRC Press. Davenport, T. H. (2013).Process innovation: reengineering work through information technology. Harvard Business Press. Ferrell, O. C., Hartline, M. (2012).Marketing strategy, text and cases. Nelson Education. Fitzsimmons, J., Fitzsimmons, M. (2013).Service management: Operations, strategy, information technology. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Jeston, J., Nelis, J. (2014).Business process management. Routledge. Khanna, R. B. (2015).Production and operations management. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. Krajewski, L. J., Ritzman, L. P., Malhotra, M. K. (2013).Operations management: processes and supply chains. New York: Pearson. Subramanian, N., Ramanathan, R. (2012). A review of applications of Analytic Hierarchy Process in operations management.International Journal of Production Economics,138(2), 215-241.